The Story of a Blind Hiker, His Foray into Survival and What We Can Learn From It

Hiking

The Tale Unfolds

The man had been hiking for days on the Appalachian Trail. A master ultra-light camper steadily shuffling through the Blue Ridge Mountains. Equipped like his companions, his mode of travel and perception was unique. Limited eyesight made the world a colorful blur and his thick glasses allowed him to read only when objects were inches from his face.

Despite this handicap, thousands of miles underfoot had made his movements confident and practiced. He focused on his feet and their sensation on the changing terrain. When he felt the trail’s edge he adjusted and continued on his way.

This man liked hiking alone and his companions respected that desire. Every morning they traveled ahead and welcomed him at camp every night. This sunny Friday was no different. The group pressed ahead on the last leg of their journey. The night’s rendezvous was set at a bridge some twenty miles away. The bridge was beside a small town and the last stop before flying home.

Day One – Overdue

The group waited at the bridge all night and into the next day. Maybe he took a rest along the trail? Maybe he was just moving slower than usual? There was no way he was going to miss his flight later that day. The group continued on, parted ways and headed home.

Day Three – Missing

Family, co-workers and friends became worried when the blind-hiker didn’t check-in or go to work. Family members contacted the hiking group, discovered the particulars and immediately contacted the police. The police determined that the man had never made his flight, which raised the alarm and alerted local search and rescue (SAR) personnel.

Photo © Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest

Photo © Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest

Day Five – Missing

Search and rescue assets deployed swiftly and in force to the place last seen. Aircraft, trackers, K9 units, ground searchers, spontaneous volunteers, incident managers and investigators worked around the clock, but the environment was against them. Craggy terrain and bad weather hindered communication and search efforts.

The vast distance to be covered, along with confusing navigational points, forced searchers to slowly eliminate point after point. Camps were set up for containment and flyers were distributed. The search area was finally narrowed to 20 square miles of craggy terrain south of a critical T-intersection, when trackers found sign of a man moving off the path into the deep brush.

Day Six – Found

On a slow Saturday morning the tones dropped at a nearby fire station, alerting the firefighters that a quarter acre of national forest had spontaneously burst into flames. An engine company and brush truck were dispatched and rushed to the scene. The firefighters moved quickly to cut fire-breaks and assault the flames, when suddenly they encountered a man – haggard and worn. “We’ve been looking for you.” one of the firemen said. While the Blind Hiker’s answer is lost to history, the firefighters escorted him to an ambulance that took flight to a hospital and to safety.

The Hiker’s Notes

During the after-action review, the blind hiker was interviewed extensively and provided a detailed account of his actions. Rescuers marveled at how the man had done nearly everything right, yet had nearly everything go wrong.

The hiker estimated that only a few minutes elapsed before he realized he’d lost the trail. A false ridgeline trail had guided him astray. Feeling his way outward in several directions and attempting to retrace his steps, it became clear that he wouldn’t find the trail.

Lost in the woods

He evaluated his situation and knew his friends were experienced hikers. Surely they would realize he was overdue and call for help. His pack had enough food and water for at least 3 days if he didn’t do anything too strenuous. Thus, he formulated a plan and set to work. He found a sheltered location that was relatively flat and safe from the elements where he set up camp. He made his campsite as visible as possible by hanging bright colored clothing. On occasion he would blow three blasts from his whistle – the international SOS signal. He checked his cell phone and got no signal. Fearing that he would lose his campsite, he decided to stay put rather than try and find higher ground.

By the fifth day he had run out of food and water. He knew he was in desperate straits, as three days without water is the general rule for survival and Appalachian summers can be desperately hot. He needed to find a way out. The next day he built the biggest fire he possibly could. Unfortunately, the blaze got out of control and ultimately led to his discovery and rescue.

What Can We Learn?

Know Your Risks and Points of Failure

It’s clear that there was a well-defined hiking plan that the group stuck to. They had a routine for movement and communication. However, we also know that a few crucial “what if” questions were missed. There’s tremendous risk inherent to breaking up a hiking group, especially if a person is moving alone. Identifying potential risks and setting up contingencies when bending safety practices, is critical. A simple over-due protocol may have cut rescue time significantly. It’s said that “there are no rights or wrongs in the wilderness, only consequences.” Prevent emergencies before they happen by identifying and mitigating risk.

Get Your Mind Right

Survival is a mental game. The attitudes, behaviors and mental frameworks a person brings to difficult circumstances ultimately determines their ability to achieve the best possible outcome. The hiker in this story was blind, running low on supplies, far from home, knew that he could not affect his own escape and knew that rescue could take days. He didn’t panic, he didn’t freeze, he managed his fear, acknowledged his situation, tasked his mind to planning and took action on those plans. This ability is only developed through deliberate practice, introspection and accumulated experience. Develop mindfulness, know thy self and take opportunities to test, examine and refine how you react to stressful circumstances. In my opinion, a GORUCK Challenge is a solid start for getting used to discomfort and playing the mental game.

Photo © Kevin Gessner

Photo © Kevin Gessner

Know Your Stuff – Equip Accordingly

When the right skills and equipment are combined with the right mind, a person can act in a way that generates options and opportunities. It’s also preparation for capitalizing on them. The blind hiker brought the right skills, knowledge and equipment for understanding his situation, extending his survival time and increasing his chances of rescue. He took every reasonable action for a lost person who has an expectation of rescue.

What Can Go Wrong – Will Go Wrong

Murphy tends to get the best of most arguments and events. It’s the attitude one takes to these moment that makes the difference. In the words of Robert Service, one must “cultivate a cast-iron smile of joy…and grin.” If a person can bring humor, a flexible mind and a belief in self-determination to Murphy’s tricks, they can imagine the impossible and find a way to improvise, adapt and overcome. The blind hiker was a major leave-no-trace practitioner, but made one heck of a signal fire. He found a way.

A Final Word

While certain details of this story have been omitted and gaps have been smoothed for story telling purposes, this is a true story. The Blind Hiker experienced a true accident and a life threatening emergency. He will never be charged for the thousands of man hours and complex inter-agency resources activated to find him. He will never be fined for the quarter-acre of prime National Forest his fire burnt down. The story is used herein to illustrate survival principles. Anyone who willfully places themselves into similar circumstances and utilizes such actions can and will be prosecuted for destruction of property and reckless endangerment of rescue personnel. This can result in severe fines, jail time and a criminal record. So, if you’re going to do survival training, please be responsible. Act wisely, plan appropriately and respect those who are on call to risk their lives to save yours.

Further Reading

Search and Rescue professionals are constantly working to understand the behavior of those lost or caught in survival situations. A regular on the recommended reading list is Deep Survival by Laurence Gonzales (ISBN: 978-0-393-32615-4). This book delivers the culmination of a lifetime of academic and field research in layman’s terms, reinforced by powerful storytelling. For anyone interested in what it takes to prevent accidents and survive overwhelming odds, this read is mandatory.

Editor-in-Chief’s Note: Evan Koepke is the former chairman of the Blue Ridge Mountain Rescue Group and the Appalachian Search and Rescue Conference. His training and experience includes wilderness search management, lost person behavior, sign-cutting, technical rescue and wilderness medicine. He currently works as the Operations Planning Associate for Team Rubicon, a veterans-based international disaster response organization.

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New Ridiculous Dialogue Podcast T-Shirts, ITS PVC Gonzales Flag and Leather Morale Patches Available

New ITS Tactical Shop Products

Today we’re excited to add two new morale patches and a great new t-shirt to the ITS Shop. The ITS Gonzales Flag PVC and Rustic Leather Morale Patches are perfect for adding to your collection and the Ridiculous Dialogue Podcast T-Shirt offers a fun 8-bit style design of our podcast graphic.

ITS Gonzales Flag PVC Morale Patch

Come and Take It PVC Morale Patch

Come and Take It PVC Morale Patch

Known by many as the “Come and Take It” flag, The Gonzalez Flag has an origin story as amazing as the ensign itself. We that defy those who seek to take away our constitutional rights have adopted this flag as a symbol and its use today is just as relevant as the day it was created. As this is an homage to the historical Gonzales Flag, we’ve maintained the integrity of all it stands for while adding our logo and our motto, “Prevail.” Just as many have done before us through hard times and in the face of adversity, we will Prevail!

Each PVC Morale Patch measures 3” wide x 2” tall and features hook velcro on the backside and a matching loop backer for sewing on anything you’d like.

Click here to pick up the new ITS Gonzales Flag PVC Morale Patch 

ITS Ridiculous Dialogue Podcast T-Shirt

ITS Ridiculous Dialogue Podcast T-Shirt

Ridiculous Dialogue Podcast T-Shirt

Ridiculous Dialogue is the podcast we’ve created to share some of the banter that takes place at Imminent Threat Solutions on a daily basis. It’s us; candid, unedited and talking about everything from what movies we’re watching to the general geekiness that keeps us laughing here at ITS HQ.

These super-soft fitted crew t-shirts feature a full chest design of our Ridiculous Dialogue Podcast graphic as well as a custom printed tagless label for ultimate comfort. Show your support with this bright and fun t-shirt!

Click here to order the new ITS Ridiculous Dialogue Podcast T-Shirt

ITS Rustic Leather Morale Patch

ITS Tactical Rustic Brown Leather Morale Patch

ITS Tactical Leather Morale Patches

Laser cut and hand-stitched in the US, the ITS Leather Logo Morale Patches are made from American full-grained vegetable-tanned saddle leather. Available in Natural Leather and Rustic Leather, they develop a nice patina and age amazingly over time. We’re excited about this new medium and look forward to doing even more with it.

Each patch measures 3.5″ tall x 2.5″ wide and features a sewn hook velcro backing to affix them to anywhere you’d like. The velcro can also be removed with a seam ripper, to sew them on a jacket, etc.

Click here to pick up the new ITS Rustic Leather Morale Patch today!

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Fitbit Flex Review: Tracking Your Activity for a Comprehensive Fitness Picture

Fitbit Flex Activity Monitor

Kelly and I have each been wearing a Fitbit Flex for a few months and we’ve been really happy with not only the view it’s given us of our overall fitness, but that it’s also been like a silent coach, pushing us further.

While there’s no auditory feedback of a coach yelling at you to do more, the Fitbit somehow manages to do that on its own through the results that it provides. You’ll read more of what I’m getting at here as Kelly and I go through our individual thoughts on the Flex, but suffice to say, visual feedback is a powerful motivator.

Fitbit Flex Features

Fitbit Flex Activity Monitor

The Flex is a small device that almost looks like something that would get implanted during a spy movie to track someone’s whereabouts. It produces a visual readout when double tapped and fits snugly into the included rubberized wristband.

The visual readout is a set of 5 small LED lights that each represent 20% of your personal goal (steps, calories or distance). At any time you can double tap the Flex to see how you’re progressing towards your goal. When it’s 100% met, the Flex vibrates to indicate the achievement.

Fitbit Flex Activity Monitor

Fitbit Flex Activity Monitor

Fitbit Flex Activity Monitor

Within the wristband is an opaque plastic window that displays the readout. A metal clasp creates the closure on the wristband and allows it to be removed easily, but still holds snugly enough to prevent it from falling off during activity and daily movement.

The clasp can also be removed and transferred to a different wristband. Right now, Fitbit offers 10 different color options for the wristband. When you first purchase the Flex, you’ll receive both a large and a small wristband, but just one clasp.

Fitbit Flex Activity Monitor

Kelly uses the small sized wristband and I use the large. By my measurements, the interior dimension of the small can adjust from 5 inches to 6.5 inches and the large from 6 inches to 8 inches.

Fitbit Flex Activity Monitor

The charge on the Fitbit Flex lasts for around 5 days, before having to remove it from the bracelet and place it into a USB battery charging cable. While you can plug the charger into a computer, Kelly and I have found that it works well with our iPhone chargers; just unplug the iPhone USB cable and plug in the Fitbit charger. A few people I’ve talked to have mentioned theirs aren’t holding a charge like they used to, but we haven’t noticed a decrease in ours.

Fitbit Flex Activity Monitor

Fitbit Flex Functionality

The Fitbit’s core functionality is a modernized pace counter, which is actually an accelerometer that does much more than track your steps, although many of these additional features require manual input. It can also track sleep, weight, distance traveled, calories burned, food eaten, water consumed, exercise performed and calories available to consume.

Unfortunately, we don’t live in a world that’s technologically advanced enough to allow Fitbit to automate all of these things yet. For instance, you’ll need to “multi-tap” it to let it know you’re going to sleep and then do the same when you wake up. Optionally you can use the app to to record when you’re going to sleep, too. During the night, it will automatically log your restlessness and detects whether or not you’ve actually woken up during that sleep period too. Other manual processes are inputing your weight, food, water and exercise into either the smartphone app (iPhone or Android) or the online dashboard.

Fitbit_Dashboard_01

While there are things the Fitbit can’t do automatically, when you start the process of manually logging specific data, Fitbit is smart enough to track and analyze it. It also learns which foods you eat regularly and exercises you do frequently, so it’s easier to input them when you need to. What’s great is that calculations like “calories burned” come from your personal profile, which is established when you register a Fitbit account. This contains things like age, height, weight and gender. None of these are mandatory, but they are necessary to properly track certain aspects of your overall fitness.

Fitbit_Reports_01

The power of the Fitbit comes from the reporting too, it’s impressive to see the results of all the work you’ve done logging and tracking your life. The reports are colorful and provide graphs and charts showing your progress either on the app or via the Fitbit website. Though time consuming to input all the manual data needed to give you an accurate overall picture, I’ll admit to geeking out on how cool the results are.

Goals are another big feature of the Fitbit and as mentioned earlier, you can change what the visual indicator lights are progressing towards and even set goals for other things like water to drink, calories to eat, etc. There’s even a silent alarm that can be set with the vibrate feature of the Flex. It can be used to wake you up in the morning if you’re not a heavy sleeper and need an annoying alarm to wake up. No? That’s just me I guess.

I’ve been trying out a few other features of the Fitbit as well, like exercise tracking via GPS. This allows you to “start” a run, walk or hike via GPS tracking and automatically log the results. There are voice cues that can be enabled as well, but I’m really not into needing vocal motivation during exercise.

Fitbit_Run_01

Another feature I’ve been using is the weight loss goal and what’s neat about this feature is that it ties in a few other areas of focus for Fitbit. Let’s say you want to lose 5 lbs., which is what I experimented with as a goal. Based on my personal profile, continual daily logging of food eaten and ensuring my exercise is noted too, Fitbit will provide a “real-time” calculation of calories left that I can consume and theoretically hit my goal. This is based on a calorie deficit calculation determined by Fitbit. I don’t necessarily feel this is a complete solution or calculation for weight loss, but it’s been interesting to use.

Fitbit_Weight_01

While neither Kelly or I have used the feature to connect with friends, it’s available to kick in some extra motivation if you need it or just to provide some friendly competition.

The Fitbit syncs via Bluetooth on smartphones using the iPhone or Android app (free download) or Wirelessly using the included dongle that plugs into a USB port on your computer.

Kelly’s Fitbit Flex Experience

Personal fitness is one of those topics that everyone has an opinion on. Most people are pretty particular about what they will and won’t do to improve their fitness level, I know that’s how I am. I’m a firm believer that if I eat healthy foods, stay away from sugary drinks and don’t overeat, then half the battle is won.

That said, I understand why we have “healthy” ads, products, infomercials and fitness gurus for hire any which way we turn. Our society has evolved into a more sedentary way of life and we consume a lot more unhealthy, processed food than our grandparents did. Heart disease, cancer and other devastating diseases effect many people directly or indirectly and we’ve got to take preventative measures to stay healthy.

I’ve told myself for a long time that I’m “active” and “healthy” and that’s good enough. Now that I’m getting older and reality is setting in, each day brings more evidence that that diet alone will not keep me moving fluidly. Just eating healthy, drinking water and taking the stairs when they’re around, simply isn’t enough to keep my body feeling strong and ready to move when I need it to. Like it or not I have to incorporate some type of regular physical activity if I want to feel my best and move without “hitches in my get-along,” so to speak.

Waking Up

Fitbit Flex Activity Monitor

Over the last year I’ve heard several people talk about the Fitbit. I had it in my head that it was just a pedometer and I really wasn’t interested in keeping up with the number of steps I take each day. Sure, there were specific times when I’d wondered how far I’d walked if I was out playing tourist or covering a lot of ground at a conference. For the most part, I wasn’t interested in what I thought the Fitbit had to offer.

Recently we spent a weekend with friends and I noticed one of them was wearing a rubber bracelet that looked pretty cool. I don’t remember who asked about the bracelet while we were sitting around, but we found out that it was the Fitbit Flex and that it synced to an iPhone and was used to track not only steps, but activity levels each day. The idea of wearing one began to intrigue me.

After a little research, I ordered a Fitbit Flex that next week from Amazon and set up my account as soon as it arrived. Amazingly, the next day when I put it on I felt an immediate need to begin tracking myself. There was an instantaneous urge to prove that I could walk 10,000 steps in no time and that I probably did it every day and didn’t even notice. I was in for a rude awakening.

That first day I wore the Flex I walked our dog before work and later became acutely aware of how much I sit on my butt while I’m at work. I then felt quite disappointed when I checked my total number of steps and activity level at the end of the day. Even with my regular morning fast paced walk and moving what I thought was a decent amount throughout the rest of the day, I’d only managed to walk 5,418 steps or 2.17 miles and had just 23 “active” minutes. I knew exactly when I’d accrued those active minutes too, it was when I was walking the dog. The rest of the day had been consumed by sitting at my desk, walking to and from the car, driving to and from work, walking around the house doing chores or just relaxing at home.

The next few days weren’t much different. I began to realize that 23 minutes of active movement (walking the dog) was better than nothing, but not exactly anything to be proud of. So, by the end of the week I was determined to work harder. By the fourth day I’d added more walking time in the evening and managed to log 40 minutes of active time and walked 7,174 steps or 2.91 miles. The fifth day I logged 61 active minutes and walked 13,502 steps or 5.37 miles.

After the first few weeks of wearing the Fitbit Flex, I settled in with just having it on and not thinking about my movements too much. I could see that my “active minutes” were consistently about 25 minutes each day, some days I’d rack up more time depending on my activities, but on average that’s where I stayed. I kept finding myself thinking that I’m awake an average of 16 hours each day and that I’m capable of being more active during that time. Even though it took me a month or so to take more action, I finally mapped out a new route for my morning walks where I’m active for at least 30 minutes every morning. I still try to add to that as the day wears on with more fast-paced walking, yoga or going for a bike ride. I do have days that can be very sedentary, but I’m more aware when those days hit and try to compensate by doing something by the end of the day to make up for it.

“I Like to Move It, Move It”

I’ve found extra motivation to work harder when I check my progress through the Fitbit App on my iPhone. The Flex bracelet shares little rewards through vibrations and the program sends an email when you reach specific goals (if you want them sent), but I really don’t pay attention to those. Both the app and the website have a dashboard to access daily progress and as Bryan noted, you can also log the food you’ve eaten, extra activities, blood pressure and glucose levels if you want to monitor more than just active minutes; it can be as versatile of a tool as you need it to be.

For me, the Fitbit Flex provides an easy way to check how active I am throughout the day or provide a visual nudge if I need to get my butt moving. It’s good to know that there are lots of other features available to me if I want to track more, but even at this most basic level of functionality, I feel the Flex has really shown me that a big part of my lifestyle (having a desk job and commuting by car to and from work) really doesn’t provide me with an active outlet for good health. Carving out small chunks of time each day for purposeful activity, along with healthy eating habits, will carry me much farther down the road than by diet alone. Wearing the Fitbit Flex gives me proof of when I’m moving with a purpose or helps me see when I need to be.

Bryan’s Fitbit Flex Experience

I certainly wasn’t sold on a Fitbit when Kelly first told me about hers and didn’t think I could benefit from wearing something around on my wrist to track my movement. After all, I have a stubborn reputation to uphold and got myself in shape and ready for BUD/s back in the day without any fancy devices.

Fitbit Flex Activity Monitor

Times have changed and I’m not in total BUD/s shape anymore, nor do I really want to be. What I do want to have is a good baseline of fitness and be able to physically save my own life and the lives of those around me if the need arises. I’m certainly not going to get that by eating anything I want and sitting around all day.

I’ve always tried to watch what I eat and maintain my fitness level, but I’ll admit that within the last year it’s been even harder. I don’t know if it’s because I’m 35 now or if I’m just sitting here at the keyboard making excuses. Either way, my point of all this is that the Fitbit has given me an extra kick in the pants to eat even better and workout even more.

As I wrote the other day, motivation comes from within and the mind controls the body, the Fitbit is just a device that lets you see how all that motivation is working out. That and providing you with a customizable goal to meet each day.

It wasn’t until I actually got online to see what all the hype was about, that I found out about everything the Fitbit could do. While I’d talked to Kelly about hers when she first got it, she admitted it could do much more than she was using it for. When I saw the ability to track food and calories burned with in-depth reporting, I decided to give it a shot. After owning one for awhile, I’m still finding out about new features I didn’t previously know about.

I’ve always been interested in tracking my food consumption, because I know consumption and exercise are the magic ingredients to weight. I don’t feel like everyone quite gets the whole input vs. output equation surrounding weight. To lose weight, it’s as easy as reducing input and increasing output. Burning more calories than you’re consuming. Sure there’s other things to consider, like the quality of calories you’re consuming and the quality of exercise, but honestly there’s not much more to it than that.

Fitbit_Food_Entry_01

It would be great if there was some kind of magical tooth implant that could register the food you consumed and give you a break down of the calories you’re consuming, but until technology catches up, all we’re left with is more technologically advanced ways of manually tracking it.

I’d attempted to use an Online resource called Fitday.com many years ago to try and track my food, but gave up after all the work it took to input everything on a daily basis. It may be better now, but I’ve really found Fitbit to be a much easier way to track it, namely because everything is right there in one app. I’m already going there to log other things and check progress, so it makes it a bit easier to deal with the constant logging.

I’ve tried a food journal before, but I find I don’t do a good job keeping up with that either. Let’s face it, keeping track of what you eat is insanely hard. You’d have to eat the same thing day after day for it to be easy and who wants to do that. Then there’s going out to eat at a restaurant, even with how good food databases are these days, like the one Fitbit uses, it still takes someone manually making the initial entry and doing the hard work of finding out the calories in a particular restaurant’s dish.

Fitbit_Espresso_01

What’s nice about the Fitbit interface for this is that after awhile of logging food, it starts to learn to group certain foods together and additionally provides a frequent and recent entry category. For example, I’ve been making an unmasculine european coffee at home recently. It has two shots of espresso and frothed milk. On my entry to input this, I go to my frequent section, click espresso (which already has the quantity of 2 shots saved from previous entries) and then click “save and add more.” This brings up a “related to” option that displays the milk I need to log too. It also has other items I frequently eat for breakfast, making those easier to log too.

What all this means is that it’s actually made it easier and more enjoyable to track what I eat. It’s still a pain though and I’d be lying if I said it wasn’t. There’s also that whole “going out to eat” thing and wondering how I’ll input the specifics after I get back home. I’d love to say we eat at home all the time, which we do quite often, but we do enjoy getting out too.

Fitbit_Exercise_01

Exercise has been interesting to track and relatively easy with Fitbit. I’m not sure how accurate the options they have are when it comes to grouping PT (calisthenics) all together as a specific number of calories burned. Despite the instructions on the Flex stating not to swim with it, I have been. I’m swimming around 30-45 minutes a few times a week and I haven’t noticed any issues with synching, charging, etc. The automatic log of active minutes never seems to be correct after swimming, but when I manually log the swim time, it adjusts accordingly.

Wrap-Up

Time will tell if devices like the Fitbit are a fad, or here to stay. I do feel like the last few years have seen the biggest advancements in fitness devices since tracking runs with GPS came around. I was an early adopter to that game and remember wearing a box bigger than the 1st generation iPod on my upper arm to track my runs. Needless to say, I’m glad that’s not necessary anymore.

The Fitbit Flex represents an interesting change in the era of fitness we’re living in. With all the devices on the market, you now have quite a bit of data available at your disposal to truly gauge fitness and performance. The Fitbit Flex is one of the most full-featured and easy to use devices I’ve come across thus far. With many more companies releasing trackable fitness devices and existing companies pushing technology further, I’m looking forward to seeing what the next few years hold.

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The Moscow Rules: Cold War Directives for Tradecraft and Espionage

Developed by the CIA, the Moscow Rules are an ode to the dangerous locale that Moscow was during the Cold War. Much like “Rules of Engagement” for spies, they still serve as prominent guidelines today, just as they did then.

“Although no one had written them down, they were the precepts we all understood for conducting our operations in the most difficult of operating environments: the Soviet capital.” – Antonio Mendez, retired CIA Technical Operations Officer specializing in support of clandestine and covert CIA operations.

The original Moscow Rules were said to have contained 40 different rules and a debate still exists over whether they weren’t recorded, or are still classified. Here’s the list still circulating around the Internet…

The Moscow Rules

1. Assume nothing.
2. Technology will always let you down.
3. Murphy is right.
4. Never go against your gut.
5. Always listen to your gut; it is your operational antennae.
6. Everyone is potentially under opposition control.
7. Don’t look back; you are never completely alone. Use your gut.
8. Go with the flow; use the terrain.
9. Take the natural break of traffic.
10. Maintain a natural pace.
11. Establish a distinctive and dynamic profile and pattern.
12. Stay consistent over time.
13. Vary your pattern and stay within your profile.
14. Be non threatening: keep them relaxed; mesmerize!

Moscow Rules - Spy Tactics

15. Lull them into a sense of complacency.
16. Know the opposition and their terrain intimately.
17. Build in opportunity but use it sparingly.
18. Don’t harass the opposition.
19. Make sure they can anticipate your destination.
20. Pick the time and place for action.
21. Any operation can be aborted; if it feels wrong, then it is wrong.
22. Keep your options open.
23. If your gut says to act, overwhelm their senses.
24. Use misdirection, illusion and deception.
25. Hide small operative motions in larger non threatening motions.
26. Float like a butterfly; sting like bee.
27. When free, In Obscura, immediately change direction and leave the area.
28. Break your trail and blend into the local scene.
29. Execute a surveillance detection run designed to draw them out over time.

Moscow Rules 02

30. Once is an accident; twice is a coincidence; three times is an enemy action.
31. Avoid static lookouts; stay away from chokepoints where they can reacquire you.
32. Select a meeting site so you can overlook the scene.
33. Keep any asset separated from you by time and distance until it is time.
34. If the asset has surveillance, then the operation has gone bad.
35. Only approach the site when you are sure it is clean.
36. After the meeting or act is done, “close the loop” at a logical cover destination.
37. Be aware of surveillance’s time tolerance so they aren’t forced to raise an alert.
38. If an alert is issued, they must pay a price and so must you.
39. Let them believe they lost you; act innocent.
40. There is no limit to a human being’s ability to rationalize the truth.

It’s obvious how these rules are important to the safety of a spy but they also can be applicable to your daily life. What ways do think you could implement these guidelines? 

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Squawk Box Broadcast 011: Tales of the Sea, Air, Land and Space

Squawk Box Broadcast 11

The Squawk Box Broadcast aims to highlight a few of the stories that have caught our attention recently. It’s also a way to broaden your horizons and explore new ideas.

Purely Pacific Northwest >> John Eklund

Photographer John Eklund has captured the Pacific Northwest through a number of breathtaking time lapses that show the beauty and wild of the region. “I choose to shoot locations that appeal to the way I would like to interpret the story of time. Here in the Pacific Northwest, there are endless opportunities to document the magnificence of the world around us. I have discovered that when time is the storyteller, a special kind of truth emerges.”

How the Mig-31 repelled the SR-71 Blackbird from Soviet skies >> The Aviationist

Squawk Box Broadcast 11

The Blackbird design was a classified aircraft developed in the late 1950s used for reconnaissance all over the world. Able to cruise at over three times the speed of sound and as high as 85,000 feet, the Blackbird was nearly untouchable. Russia countered with an interceptor in the form of the the MiG-31 Foxhound. While able to reach a maximum speed of Mach 3.2, doing so for continued use would most likely destroy the engines. The MiG-31 was able to carry the R-33 long range missile which could reach speeds of over Mach 4 and one time in 1986, a Russian pilot had a lock on an SR-71. Had the Blackbird entered Russian airspace, the results would have been devastating.

The Harlem Hellfighters >> Huckberry

Squawk Box Broadcast 11

During World War I, The 369th Infantry Regiment became known by the enemy as the Harlem Hellfighters. Amidst constant racism, the first African-American soldiers to pass through basic training arrived on the battlefield in Europe and went on to spend 191 days in combat. This was longer than any other American unit and they were also the first Americans to receive the French military decoration for heroism. They were fearless and fought with honor and their story is one worth remembering.

These 7 Motivational Navy SEAL Sayings Will Kick Your Butt Into Gear >> Inc.com

Squawk Box Broadcast 11

Navy SEALs are tasked with highly specialized and intensely challenging job requirements. While recruits have to endure arguably the most physically and mentally demanding training in the Military, the intestinal fortitude and “never fail” attitude is what makes a Navy SEAL successful. The lessons learned during their career can easily translate to the civilian world for the common cubicle dweller. If you need some motivation, give this list a read.

Rare photos reveal fascinating views of the Apollo 11 moon landing >> Sploid

Squawk Box Broadcast 11

While you’ve undoubtedly seen the more popular photos from mankind’s trips to the Moon, there are still some excellent photos that many haven’t seen before. This view of Earth beyond the Lunar Module exterior as the docked Command Module was on it’s Trans-Lunar coast is just one example of the largely unseen archive. It’s hard to believe it’s only been 45 years since our first steps on the Moon.

Like these posts? Stay up to date by following the Squawk Box daily.

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Ridiculous Dialogue Podcast: Two-Part Special Edition from Comic-Con 2014

Ridiculous Dialogue Podcast Episode 5


Episode 05 – Comic-Con 2014 (1 of 2)

Kelly and Bryan just returned from the 2014 San Diego Comic-Con and were able to record two episodes of Ridiculous Dialogue on location with a few good friends.

In Episode 5, they’re joined by Billy Cho and Nic Uyeji, who join them in discussing tips and tricks for getting to Comic-Con, almost getting to Hall H to attend panels and a few funny accents.
Below you can check out a few photos we took from the Comic-Con floor this year, including Kelly’s infamous Patch Pants (patent pending).

Ridiculous Dialogue Podcast Episode 6


Episode 06 – Comic Con 2014 (2 of 2)

Kelly and Bryan just returned from the 2014 San Diego Comic-Con and were able to record two episodes of Ridiculous Dialogue on location with a few good good friends.

In Episode 6, they’re joined by Billy Cho and Nic Uyeji again for a post Comic-Con wrap up. In this episode they discuss sights and smells, exclusives and goodies purchased, highlights of the show and tricks on navigating the sea that is Comic-Con.
Ridiculous Dialogue Episode 5 Cast of Characters

Ridiculous Dialogue was created to share the banter that takes place at Imminent Threat Solutions on a daily basis. It’s us; candid, unedited and talking about everything from what movies we’re watching to the general geekiness that keeps us laughing here at ITS HQ.

While we generally keep the vibe in our articles PG rated, be warned, it may not be safe to blast over your speakers at work. We hope you enjoy the insight into ITS and who we are behind the scenes as a company; pull up a chair and tune in to Radio ITS.

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Pissed Off About the Outcome of Jesse Ventura vs. Chris Kyle? Here’s What You Can Do to Help

chris-and-taya-kyle

It should come as no surprise that people don’t always do the right thing; morality and decency are a lost commodity. For example, take the recent defamation lawsuit brought on by Jesse Ventura filed against former Navy SEAL Chris Kyle, which continued against his estate after he was killed.

Losers Sue Syndrome

Obviously this strikes close to home; I can sit here and argue that the decent thing to do was to drop the lawsuit after Chris’ death, but obviously that didn’t happen and we’re all forced to live with the jury’s decision. I believe this strikes at the heart of a major wrong with our country these days. We are such a litigious society that it now seems the only way we can solve problems is to sue somebody. There’s this feeling of entitlement that’s rampant today. The bad news about all this is there are no winners, no one comes out on top.

True Colors

While I’ve never had to endure a legal battle like the one Taya Kyle had to, I recently had to deal with some shenanigans that allowed me to see the true colors of folks who choose to threaten you with a lawsuit over a disagreement. I don’t blame them per se, there’s a lawsuit filed in America every 2 seconds, believe it or not. That is roughly 15 million per year or one lawsuit per every 12 adults, if you want to look at it another way. America has become the most litigious country in the world and we continue to drive down that path with lawsuits such as these, or even the constant threats of a lawsuit that many of us face.

Frivolous Lawsuits

There are more small businesses put out of business, because they literally cannot afford to go to court. They may be completely in the right regarding the law, but the other party has deeper pockets and it becomes a war of attrition. This practice has been going on for way too long and it’s really a cancer in our country. I’m sure we all remember the McDonalds’s hot coffee case that helped pave the way for others to follow, but here are some others too. Is there a case to be made for noble causes, of course there is, but the problem is that those are few and far between. We’re producing twice as many lawyers as there are positions, so it’s a good bet we’ll continue to see frivolous lawsuits to pay for college loans. After all, they get paid whether they win or not.

What Can You Do About It?

Enough of the bad, let’s talk about some good. I disagree with the lawsuit from the word go, but like I said earlier, I can’t do anything about it or the verdict. People are decrying Ventura as a pig, non-human and all other kinds of derogatory names. That’s all fine and I happen to have a few choice words myself, but I’ll reserve those for a private session. The fact that the lawsuit has been picked up by just about every news network, can be used to help get the word out about how to help the Kyle family.

chris_chad_c

This publicity needs to be focused more on the family, putting aside the lawsuit and thinking about Taya and the kids; the struggles they face on a daily basis. We can all do something. If you’re pissed off enough about the verdict do something; donate to the Chris Kyle Memorial Trust, set up to directly benefit the Kyle and Littlefield families. No management or legal fees are associated with this trust, 100% of the funds go directly to the families.

With all the publicity that’s focused on the negative right now, this is one way we can use it in a positive manner. Which we should do, because that’s the decent thing to do. #LLTB

Editor-in-Chief’s Note: We’ve had a lot of requests come in to ITS about doing something like a patch to benefit Chris Kyle’s family, but with Jeff Gonzales’ help, we feel this article and directing these efforts towards the Chris Kyle Memorial Trust is a better option.

Jeff Gonzales was a decorated and respected US Navy SEAL, serving as an operator and trainer who participated in numerous combat operations throughout the world. He now uses his modern warfare expertise as President of Trident Concepts, LLC., a battle proven company specializing in weapons, tactics and techniques to meet the evolving threat. Bringing the same high-intensity mindset, operational success and lessons learned from NSW to their training programs, TRICON has been recognized as an industry leader by various federal, state and local units. Organizations interested in training with TRICON can call 928-925-7038 or visit tridentconcepts.com for more information.

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DIY Inexpensive Gun Magnet Mount: Conceal Your Firearm Within Arm’s Reach

DIY Gun Magnet Project

Recently, a Reddit user created a simple DIY tutorial to make an inexpensive gun magnet mount using a few easily obtainable parts. In the process of building our own, we decided to make a few upgrades on the materials and wanted to share our results. The materials required for this DIY project ran us around $12, provided that you have a few common materials and pieces of equipment laying around.

Before we get into the construction process, here’s the upgrades we made in detail. In the original DIY, a free paint stir stick was used as the base to screw down the mount. Based on how thin these are and how prone they are to warping, we chose to purchase a wooden yardstick from Lowe’s for less than a dollar to use as the base.

DIY Gun Magnet Project

Also, the heat shrink tubing used in the original DIY was relatively thin and we found some thicker 1.1″ heat shrink tubing at a local O’Reilly Auto Parts store. A tip here is that you’ll need to ask for it at the counter, as most places don’t carry heat shrink tubing any larger than 1/2″ and this goes for Lowe’s too. There is some heat shrink tubing in 1″ diameter on Amazon, but it’s the thinner tubing. As you’ll read later in the article, the thinner tubing might be a better choice depending on what you’ll be mounting.

Materials and Tools

DIY Gun Magnet Project

Process

Step One:

If you’re using a yard stick, an optional first step is to sand down the numbers before rounding the sharp edges. Rounding the edges is just to ensure your base doesn’t break through the heat shrink tubing. Cut your yardstick piece to 5.5″ long and test the placement of the magnets.

DIY Gun Magnet Project

Step Two:

Once your magnets are in position, centered top to bottom and left to right, glue them down with super glue. This is just to ensure they don’t shift around on the base while you’re putting them into the heat shrink tubing sleeve. Drill your mounting holes around 1/2 inch from each side with the 1/8″ drill bit and countersink the holes if you want to. While most projects look cleaner with a countersink, the purpose here is to do as much as possible to keep the heat shrink tubing from tearing when screwing the mount down.

DIY Gun Magnet Project

Step Three:

Slide the mounted magnet block into the heat shrink tubing, ensuring there’s an even amount of clearance on each side. Start the heat gun and sweep over the tubing evenly to shrink it up. A tip here is that we tried to pull the ends over the wooden board with pliers as it became pliable and while it did seem to help, it didn’t completely cover the ends as we hoped it would. Check out the video below for more details about this.

DIY Gun Magnet Project

DIY Gun Magnet Project

Step Four:

With the thicker heat shrink tubing it took some probing to find the screw holes that were drilled. Insert your screws through the heat shrink tubing so that the tip of each screw is just barely protruding, this will help you mark your mounting location. Once the mounting location is marked, use the 1/8″ drill bit again to make pilot holes for the screws. Screw down your new Magnetic Gun Mount while being careful not to over tighten the screws and rip through the heat shrink tubing. Enjoy!

DIY Gun Magnet Project

DIY Gun Magnet Project

DIY Gun Magnet Project

Video and Photo Gallery

Editor-in-Chief’s Note: We’d like to thank reddit user patrat21589 for sharing this idea.

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Motivation Comes from Within; There’s no Supplement, Secret or Substitute

MOTIVATION ITS 850X1450

A few weeks ago, I started writing my thoughts on motivation and how I perceive it. I feel that too often people think that motivation is some kind of by-product, or that others who have overcome challenges have something they don’t have. This simply isn’t true. Motivation comes from within and all it takes is unlocking your potential.

Motivation comes from within; there’s no supplement, secret or substitute for the power of the mind to control the body. The only thing holding you back from being the person you want to be, is yourself.

No matter your goals, your challenges or the adversity you’ll face, the first step always begins with thought; don’t let self-doubt or fear cloud your mind.

Unlock the internal fire that’s buried inside and don’t let anything stand in your way. Get up, get out and get after it.

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Survival Techniques: Learning to Observe, Adapt and Overcome

1 of 3 in the series Survival Techniques

Not too long ago, before Fastex buckles, SureFire flashlights and freeze dried Mountain House meals, a person’s survival was directly related to their skill and knowledge of their environment. The fur trappers who preempted the European expansion westward knew this better than most. In the early 1800’s, some of the most capable men were driven to the life of fur / beaver trapping in the Rocky Mountains. Hostile Indians, Grizzly Bears and some of the harshest weather known at the time constantly threatened their lives. Even if these men were hardy enough to survive the elements, they still had to figure out how to gather food, build shelter and start a fire in conditions that ranged from 90 degree heat to -40 degrees with heavy snow fall.

There’s much that can be learned from this time period when it comes to the topic of survival. I’ve been in Montana learning from the older generation who perceives technological innovation as a crutch that will fail you when times get hard and that the resources that sustain them dissolve. The focus here has been on gear made of rope and leather, tying good knots and living out of the ITS Mini Survival Kit as much as possible.

Survival Techniques

Observe

Our culture thrives on information. So much so that in any given day, we’re so inundated with this fire hose of information that we often retain very little from the experience. It reminds me of the Bing commercial that ran last year about “information overload.” If you remember, a woman asks her husband if he bought airline tickets to Hawaii and he begins rattling off all the useless pieces of information gained through website searches throughout his day.

We as a society have eaten from the Tree of Knowledge with the Internet and there’s no going back. Anything you want to know is at your finger tips. Don’t like what I just wrote? Go online and find five dissenting opinions that will make you sound like a genius and post it below. You can present yourself as a Cambridge Professor and probably pull it off.

Our entire social media outlook is based on projecting the strongest, funniest, smartest version of ourselves so that others will believe that it’s true. Is this the reality? Is your best foot always forward in real life? The ability to sound like an expert is very different than actually being able to demonstrate ability with consistency. Projecting a fun image on Facebook is not the same as actually being a fun and energetic person.

There’s a reality out there that we’ve slowly come to deny. We’ve begun believing that we are stronger and more capable than we actually are. This is because we SOUND like experts, not because we demonstrate expert ability.

Survival Techniques

Don’t think that I’m against Internet knowledge and online communication. In fact, this glass is actually half full. The information is there, all we need is direction so that the information gained will bring about a longer, happier life. In the survival context, this could mean setting a snare for a protein source that will keep your body alive for a couple more days.

Before the Internet, one had to engage in mentorship to be able to observe the correct way of doing things. Now we have YouTube, ITS Tactical and even an SAS Survival Handbook smartphone app. Before I go into the mountains, I always research a little and read case studies about real situations that can be learned from. It may be a little bit here and there but spread over a long duration will stick much better than drinking through the proverbial fire hose.

Learn your Observational Style

Everyone has a preference on how to retain information. Some people prefer to read while others prefer hearing the same material because it will help them acquire the knowledge easier. If you find yourself reading the same page three times in a row because of focus issues, consider buying an audio book and listen to it during your commute, while you mow the lawn or on a run. You may find that you get much more out of the experience.

Personally, I prefer the hands on method of apprentice. This is my preference because I like to know the why behind the how. I learned in my early 20’s that there’s nothing better for me personally than getting hands on instruction. For this reason, when I got to Montana earlier this year, I wanted to train with one of the best. I wasn’t interested in someone selling a book or featured on TV. I wanted to train with someone who had spent so much time surviving in the wilderness that the wilds felt more like home than the city valley. Someone could even replace the word “survive” with “live” in the wilderness.

Mark White

Over the last few months, I’ve been blessed with the opportunity to spend time with a man who has taken survival technique and overland movement to another level. Mark White spent his early years in Arizona, then made his way north through Wyoming and Montana over the span of his life. One thing has never changed throughout Mark’s life, his desire to spend it outdoors with as little gear as possible. At 23, an electrical accident took his leg and left him badly burned from head to toe. The only two things that pulled him through the traumatic event were the tender support of his wife and the dream of building a cabin in northern Wyoming.

After recovering, he became a big game outfitter and horse packer. This gave him the ability to cover up to 40 miles per day, which compelled Mark to go deeper and deeper into the wild places of the world. As the umbilical cord that keeps man connected to society in the post modern world began to weaken, Mark began making friends with some of the toughest and most capable people in the west. He began to understand how nurturing the Rocky Mountains can be if you only know where to look and what to do.

Survival Techniques

Adapt

Mark White can survive in the wild without resupply for months at a time if he chooses. This is why I wanted to become like a sponge, forgetting everything I thought I knew about survival and pick his brain. On three separate occasions we took the ITS Mini Survival Kit deep into the Lee Metcalf Wilderness of Montana to test our skills, the equipment and to learn by being hungry. Nothing is as motivating when gathering food than being hungry. The desperation that makes your hands shake as you set snares for small game when you’ve not eaten really shows how dire a situation can be and how quickly it can get out of hand.

Survival Techniques

It’s important to remember that you cannot become a good hunter simply by reading a magazine. You cannot become a great shooter solely by reading an article and studying the SAS Survival Handbook doesn’t make you a survival expert. While it’s better than nothing, simply reading about a subject may not be enough to get you through a life or death situation. Action is required if skill is going to be attained. Repetition of action is what leads to true capability. Aristotle said that, “We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence then is not an act but a habit.” I encourage ITS readers to always try and demonstrate the skills, knots and techniques that you read about.

The motivating factor behind survival technique must go beyond simple practical application. The truth is that you may never have to practically apply these techniques to your life. You may get more out of learning the new software on your phone than you ever will out of snaring and trapping animals. The reason this section is not called “application” is because it falls short of the real issue. The real issue is that if you spend a lot of time outdoors and are an active person, you may find yourself in a situation full of two kinds of people. Those individuals are either assets or liabilities.

Survival Techniques

This applies to every situation but in the survival context it becomes dire. If only one member of 10 knows anything about survival, then the group actually has a chance. Even one person who has made the decision to break free of false self-projection in order to become realistically capable can save the lives of the remaining 9. One asset can save multiple liabilities.

Which am I? I encourage you to ask yourself this question in different scenarios. You will begin to identify chinks in your armor, weak links in the chain that need to be strengthened. Simply identifying your weakness will lead to adapting to the environment in order to become strong.

How Does Weakness Become Strength?

Weakness transitions to strength through the process of applying pressure over and over. Life has a way of building against external force. A statue is little more than stone. It’s the chisel and artist who saw the potential of the rock and began applying pressure and force against the stone. The process of making a statue requires patience on the part of the artist and resilience on the part of the stone. The end result is an object made of the same stuff as the rocks to its left and right, but is different than the rest because it has value. It’s worth more because it has endured more. The point is, without action, knowledge is fleeting and inert.

Survival Techniques

Overcome

As I mentioned above, Mark was in a burn unit for what felt like an eternity for him. In this time he read a book about building a cabin from scratch and thought that Wyoming would be the perfect place. He started by building the cabin one room at a time. He shared a story about he and his wife having to peel baby blankets off of a tent wall because they had frozen solid to the wall. It wasn’t easy but he was able to keep his family healthy while building their home from nothing. His dream became a reality because he applied knowledge learned and worked hard. In the end, it takes a lot of work, regardless of the knowledge base.

I highly recommend attending an ITS Muster event or something like it if you want to become an asset in some of the most difficult situations. At Muster, you’ll learn how to start a fire, gather water, hasty rappelling, lock picking, escape from illegal restraint and many more skills that don’t just look badass on Facebook but actually make you more of a badass. These are skill-sets that have been key to our species survival for longer than most of us can even imagine.

It’s not what you say, it’s what you do that matters. Sounding like an expert will not keep you alive when you need it. However, if you’ve observed reality and adapted yourself to your environment, there’s a good chance that you’ll crush the situation.

Over the next few weeks we’ll share some life saving techniques for wilderness survival. We’ll be discussing how to snare and trap small game, what materials will light a fire in rain and snow, tips on wilderness medicine and navigating with minimum amounts of aid. In the book of Proverbs 27:17 it reads, “As iron sharpens iron, so a friend sharpens a friend.” This is a great challenge to all of us. Join me this summer in applying pressure to your natural state so that your blade will remain sharp and ready for action.

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